Charcoal, vegetable charcoal , activated vegetable charcoal… Behind its various names lies a precious ingredient used since antiquity, which is being rediscovered today for various uses: culinary, cosmetic, or even for digestive comfort.
What is activated charcoal?
Activated charcoal is the result of a two-stage calcination process using carbon-rich plant matter (wood bark, coconut shells, plant residues, etc.). First, the material is subjected to very high temperatures (between 600°C and 900°C) in the absence of water and oxygen. It is then recalcined at the same temperatures, but in the presence of steam, air, or oxidizing gases. This second stage activates the charcoal, creating numerous pores that allow it to absorb unwanted substances.
How long has it been in use?
Charcoal has been known since the age of fire. In the 15th century BC, the Egyptians used it to purify water. In the 18th century, it was used to decolorize certain materials, such as sugar. Activated charcoal continues to be the ingredient used in a large number of filtration systems (domestic and industrial).
What are the benefits?
Activated charcoal is recognized by the European Commission (Regulation (EU) No. 432/2012 of 16 May 2012) as helping to reduce excessive flatulence after meals, when used according to the instructions: 1 gram 30 minutes before meals and 1 gram immediately after (see product label recommendations). It is frequently used as a dietary supplement for bloating and intestinal gas. It can also be combined with ingredients known for their detoxifying properties, such as dandelion or turmeric. It is also gaining popularity in many culinary recipes, appreciated for its distinctive black color and numerous health benefits. It is also used in various cosmetics, such as purifying face masks, and as a natural whitening agent in toothpaste formulas.
How to determine its effectiveness?
Not all activated charcoal is equal in terms of porosity. There is no recognized analytical method for measuring the adsorption surface area of activated charcoal. However, it is possible to determine its phenazone index. This method, recognized by the European Pharmacopoeia, allows for the determination of its adsorption capacity efficiency. Thus, a phenazone index of 20% means that 100 mg of charcoal can adsorb 20 mg of gas or impurities. The phenazone level indicated on the product label will help guide consumer choice.
Good to know:
The charcoal used in these situations is not the same as that used for barbecues. Since the materials have not been subjected to the same conditions, they have very specific applications. It is important to wait at least two hours between using charcoal and taking any other medication. Due to its strong adsorbing properties, charcoal could reduce the effectiveness of other ingested products. It is also not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women, or for children.
